Which design pattern was I using in a previous question?

Though it is very basic, I found out a clean way to define functions and their dependencies using object oriented code, specifically using inheritance, in this question

This new question is much more general, namely: Does anyone know the official "name" of the design pattern I am using there?

I am asking because I would like to gain a better awareness of design patterns, when and how to use them, and when not to use them.