I am faced with a C# design problem that C#'s limitations are making hard to achieve. I need some sort of design pattern/strategy to rescue me.
I must create the archetypical set of abstract shape classes: Base class Shape
with derived classes LineShape
, RectShape
, etc. Specific implementations will derive from these. The problem is that I really need to use classes here, not interfaces and this is forcing me to duplicate a lot of code.
To illustrate:
public abstract class Shape
{
public abstract int Id { get; } // Unique ID
public abstract string Name { get; set; } // Shape name. Defaults to the type of shape
public abstract bool IsLocked { get; set; } // May the user change this shape in any way?
}
public abstract class LineShape : Shape
{
public abstract Point P1 { get; set; }
public abstract Point P2 { get; set; }
}
public abstract class CircleShape : Shape
{
public abstract Point Center { get; set; }
public abstract double Radius { get; set; }
}
When I start creating the derived implementations (LineImpl
, CircleImpl
, etc), I find that the implementations of the Shape
functions are identical for all the Impl classes, yet specific enough that I cannot implement them in the abstract Shape
class itself.
So I need to find a way to share a common implementation of these function in my derived hierarchy.
In other words LineImpl
must derive from LineShape
. CircleImpl
must derive from CircleShape
, etc. I cannot find a way to insert a ShapeImpl
in there to handle the boiler plate stuff. So I am forced to implement all those Shape
functions over and over again, once in each Impl shape type.
I tried using generics to get my way out of this but unfortunately a generic class cannot specify its base class with a generic argument. In other words, the following approach (which I might do in C++) does not work in C#
public class ShapeImpl<TBase> : T where T : Shape { ... boiler plate implemented here)...}
public class LineImpl : ShapeImpl<LineShape> { }
public class CircleImpl : ShapeImpl<CircleShape> { }
So I am at a loss. Is there some C# trick or design pattern that can get me out of this? Or am I forced to implement the same functions multiple times?
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