jeudi 17 janvier 2019

A confusing situation on my way to understand DDD

Thank you in advance for your help and attentation!

My project is dedicated only for learning purposes and I'm totally confused with DDD and have the following situation:

There is the ubiquitous language of my domain where I have users and documents. It says the following:

- A user can create a document. One of the main purpose of my project is to provide users an ability to create different documents. I mean that the documents cannot exist without the users. So,I think that the process of a document creation belongs to my domain.
- A user can send a document for approval. It's one more thing that belongs to the domain. An approval process is one of the most important part of the project. It has its steps that other users must confirm.
- A user can approve a step of approval process.
- A user can reject a step of approval process.

That's enough to understand and answer my question:

Is it normal that a User can contain such methods as: CreateDocument(params), SendDocumentForApproval(docId), ApproveApprovalStepOfDocument(stepId)?

I'm comfused with it because It looks in code a bit strange.

For example for the document creatation process we have something like that:

    public async Task<bool> CreateDocumentCommandHandler(CreateDocumentCommand command)
{

    //We have our injected repositories
    User user = await _userRepository.UserOfId(command.UserId);

    Document document = User.CreateDocoment(command.*[Params for the document]);

    _documentRepostiory.Add(document);

     // It raises event before it makes a commit to the database
     // It gets event from an entity. The entity keeps it as readonly collection.
     // Here it raises DocumentCreatedEvent. This event contains logic which concerns
     // creation some additional entities for the document and log actions.
    await _documentRepository.UnitOfWork.SaveEntitiesAsync();
}

The approval process:

//The first try out to model this process:
public async Task<bool> SendDocumentForApprovalCommandHandler(SendDocumentForApprovalCommand command)
{
    //We have our injected repositories

    User user = await _userRepository.UserOfId(command.UserId);

    //Here I have some problems.
    //Is it okay that the method returns the document?
    //The method that is placed inside the User has this logic:
    //public Document SendDocumentForApproval(int docId)
    //{
    //   Document document = this.GetDocument(docId);
    //   
    //   //Inside this method ChangedStatusToApproving is created
    //   document.SetStatusToApproving();
    //   return document;
    //}
    Document document = User.SendDocumentForApproval(command.DocId);

    _documentRepostiory.Upadate(document);

     // It raises event before it makes a commit to the database
     // It gets event from an entity. The entity keeps it as readonly collection.
     // Here it raises ChangedStatusToApproving. This event contains logic which concerns
     // creation some additional entities for the document and log actions.
    await _documentRepository.UnitOfWork.SaveEntitiesAsync();
}
//Is it okay to do something like the command handler above?

//The second one:
public async Task<bool> SendDocumentForApprovalCommandHandler(SendDocumentForApprovalCommand command)
{
    //We have our injected repositories
    User user = await _userRepository.UserOfId(command.UserId);

    //The same one as we have in the previous method.
    //But here I don't want to put the logic about the changing status of the doucnent inside it.
    Document document = User.SendDocumentForApproval(command.DocId);
    //I see that it breaks the method above (SendDocumentForApproval)
    //Now It doesn't mean anything for our domain, does it?
    //It is only getter like User.GetDocument or we can even do it
    //by using repository - documentRepository.DocumentOfId(docId)
    document.SetStatusToApproving();

    _documentRepostiory.Upadate(document);

    await _documentRepository.UnitOfWork.SaveEntitiesAsync();
}

// So, I think the first one is better, isn't it? It follows the ubiquitous language. 

//And here is the final question: Why can't I do it like this:
public async Task<bool> SendDocumentForApprovalCommandHandler(SendDocumentForApprovalCommand command)
{
    //Here we don't want to use the userRepository. We don't need at all
    //Here as a consequence we also don't need a user entity
    //Everything what we need is:
    Document document = _documentRepository.DocOfId(command.DocId);
    document.ForApproval();

    _documentRepostiory.Upadate(document);

    await _documentRepository.UnitOfWork.SaveEntitiesAsync();
}
//I think that the last approach breaks the ubiquitous language and we're about to having an anemic model.
//But here we have only two queries to the database because we don't need a user.
//Which of the approaches is better? Why? How can I do it more correctly if I want to apply DDD?

Thank you so much and sorry for my terrible English! Best regards

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