C++ Parent / Child class dependencies

I am looking for some ideas:

Suppose a parent class "Cparent". The parent class contains a list of children.

Childen want to send data, but the link with the outside world is the parent.

What are common design patterns for this setup:

Option 1 Provide children with a pointer/ref to the parent, but in this case there is close coupling between children and parent. Children need to know the parents structure.

Option 2 Set a callback "sendData()" at the children.

Option 3 Let the children derive from a class which informs the parent.

What are common design patterns to accomplish this while letting the child know as less as possible about the parent ?