What is logging? [closed]

Can someone pls tell me what is logging in python ? I know about the levels (info, debug ,warning, error, critical) in general but I'am not 100% sure that know what this is and I don't know what I can do with (except that I saw / told that I will use this everywhere in order to code big projects efficient), I still a beginner and I saw that in order to be a good programmer I need to know design patterns perfect and one of the subjects of it is logging