Clean Design | Quiz Responses Validation

Please suggest a clean design to validate a quizAttempt done on a quiz. There are multiple level of validations to be done

At Quiz Level:

• TimeLimit Validation
• Duplicate response validation

At Section Level:

• TimeLimit Validation

At Question Level:

• A non optional question not answered

• A Prequisite question not answered

• Invalid optionId

• TimeLimit Validation

  QuizModel {    
      private List<QuizSection> sections;
      private Short marks;
      private Short seconds;
  }
  
   QuizSection{
       private Short marks;
       private Short seconds;
       List<Question> questions;
   }
  
   abstract Question{
       String question;
       private Short marks;
       private Short seconds;
       boolean optional;
       Question[] prerequisites;
   }
  
   MCQ extends Question{
      Options[] options
      Options[] correctAnswers
   }
  
   QuizAttempt{
       private String quizId;
       private String questionId;
       private long startTime;
       private long endTime;
       private long timeTaken;
       private List<QuestionAttempt> questionResponses;
       private UserIdentifier userIdentifiers;
       private Map<String,Object> quizForm;
   }