Is there a name for the pattern where you emergency break a possible infinite loop?

I'm looking for some more info/inspiration and was wondering if there is a pattern for the following.

Now and then I have something that should not be an infinite loop, but CAN be an infinite loop if a bug is introduced.

As it is in a Web Application I rather have it to throw an exception if we more or less know it hangs instead of a thread getting stuck and slowly depleting all resources.

Some similar code below, it's not about the details.

Is there a name for this pattern or any other words for looking up more thoughts about this?

while ( _Combinations.Any() )
{
    var combination = _Combinations.First();

    combination.New.DuplicateIndex = combination.Current.DuplicateIndex;

    RemoveAllFromCombinations(combination.New);

    if ( emergency_break++ > 10_000 )
        throw new ArgumentException("More loops then expected - crash instead of hang");
}