Objective-c - Recommended pattern to cascade decision making in a class cluster

I would like to create a "multi-level" class cluster such that each "concrete" class could return a more specific instance when certain criteria are met.

For instance in the base class:

@interface BaseClass : NSObject  // this is the public API of the service

+(instancetype)initWithData:(Data *)data;
// common interface of all the specific implementations..
...
...

@end


@implementation BaseClass

// basically implementing the "cluster"
+(instancetype)initWithData:(Data *)data {
  // testing some conditions to decide on the more specific version of the class to return...
  if (data.condition == condition1) {
     return [[SomeClassOne alloc] initWithData:data];
  }
  if(data.condition == condition2) {
     return [[SomeClassTwo alloc] initWithData:data];
  }
  ... 
  // have many types which could be returned 
}


// an example of a specific instance that should be returned from the cluster - all of these classes are "private" implementations of the base class
@implementation SomeClassOne

-(instancetype)initWithData:(Data *)data {
  self = [super initWithData:data];
  // all was good until a new optimization came about...
  // now this instance can refine the class cluster even better
  // what I would want is a way to do:
  self = [[SomeClassOne_EvenBetterVersion alloc] initWithData:data];
  // but this would be bad - and would cause recursion if the new version inherits this version...
}
@end

I don't want to constantly add new conditions in the base class (The big "if" statement) because the conditions become very specific to the concrete classes - mostly optimizations that have to do with new capabilities.

Is there a better pattern for this?

I thought about creating a class method in each sub class that would do additional checks - but this becomes really awkward having to call [Subclass initWithData:data] in each subclass